Psycho States of Consciousness

Question 1

Consciousness

The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

Question 2

Cognitive neuroscience

The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language).

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.

The biological clock, regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle.

Question 3

Dual processing

A sleep disorder characterised by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

The principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks.

The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.

Question 4

The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.

Selective attention

Inattentional blindness

Change blindness

Question 5

Inattentional blindness

The large slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.

Failing to notice changes in the environment.

Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere.

Question 6

Failing to notice changes in the environment.

Blindsight

Inattentional blindness

Change blindness

Question 7

Circadian rhythm

The biological clock, regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle.

Rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as a paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (ecept for minor twitches) but other body systems are active.

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

Question 8

The large slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.

Delta waves

Alpha waves

REM

Question 9

A pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that responds to light-sensitive retinal proteins, causes the pineal gland to increase or decrease production of melatonin, thus modifying our feelings of sleepiness.

Methamphetamine

Incentive

Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Question 10

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.

Narcolepsy

Insomnia

Sleep apnea

Question 11

Narcolepsy

A sleep disorder characterised by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep.

A sleep disorder characterised by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during NREM-3 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered.

Question 12

Dream

A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing trough a sleeping person’s mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer’s delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties

A sleep disorder characterised by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

Question 13

REM-1 sleep

REM sleep

RME sleep

Question 14

Natural loss of consciousness -as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anaesthesia. or hibernation.

Alternate sleep

Period sleeping

Sleep periodic

Question 15

The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.

Alpha waves

Delta sigma

Detla waves

Question 16

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

Metemphetamines

Hallucinations

Dream

Question 17

Sleep apnea

A sleep disorder characterised by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

A sleep disorder characterised by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.

According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content).

Question 18

Night terrors

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

Question 19

According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content).

Manifest content

Latent content

Explicit content

Question 20

According to Freud, the underlying of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content).

Explicit content

Latent content

Manifest content

Question 21

The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep).

NREM

REM rebound

Relapse

Question 22

A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods.

Meth

Crack

Psychoactive drug

Question 23

With repeated use, achieving the desired effect requires larger dose.

Tolerance

Addiction

Nicotine

Question 24

Compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences.

Tolerance

Nicotine

Addiction

Question 25

Withdrawal

Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes.

Compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences.

The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug.

Question 26

A stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco.

Nicotine

Ecstasy (MDMA)

Opiumn

Question 27

A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions, and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels.

Drug psychoactive

Methamphetamine

Nicotine

Question 28

Ecstasy (MDMA)

A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions, and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels.

A synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphora and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neutrons and to mood and cognition.

Psychedelic (“mind-manifesting”) drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.

Question 29

A powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide).

Hallucinogens

Meth

LSD

Question 30

Psychedelic (“mind-manifesting”) drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.

MDMA

Hallucinogens

Ecstasy